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| hidden:projects:operation_hydrometeors [2025/11/24 13:51] – ayush | hidden:projects:operation_hydrometeors [2025/11/24 13:52] (current) – ayush |
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| Next, we investigated the ZDR contribution from each hydrometeor, focusing on water droplets. Fig. 5 depicts the mean-mass diameter of raindrops versus ZDR values generated by EMVORADO. Different colors represent trends for varying temperatures, with separate trends for in-cloud and off-cloud conditions. Discrepancies arise from the ICON model's drop-size distribution: a modified gamma distribution with a variable $\mu$ parameter is used off-cloud (Seifert et al. 2008), while a fixed $\mu$ value of $5$ is applied in-cloud. | Next, we investigated the ZDR contribution from each hydrometeor, focusing on water droplets. Fig. 5 depicts the mean-mass diameter of raindrops versus ZDR values generated by EMVORADO. Different colors represent trends for varying temperatures, with separate trends for in-cloud and off-cloud conditions. Discrepancies arise from the ICON model's drop-size distribution: a modified gamma distribution with a variable $\mu$ parameter is used off-cloud (Seifert et al. 2008), while a fixed $\mu$ value of $5$ is applied in-cloud. |
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| The fixed μ value for in-cloud distribution, assumed for all cloud types, temperatures, and water content, is clearly inadequate. This parametrization is limited by insufficient observational data on cloud water size distributions. As shown in Fig. 5, when the in-cloud distribution is applied, ZDR values for the droplets of about $1\,\text{mm}$ decrease from $\approx\,2\text{dB}$ (off-cloud) to less than $1\,\text{dB}$ (in-cloud). Since convective events usually involve thick cumulonimbus clouds, the in-cloud distribution predominates, leading to low ZDR values above the melting layer. Improving the in-cloud drop-size distribution parametrization is essential for addressing these issues. | The fixed $\mu$ value for in-cloud distribution, assumed for all cloud types, temperatures, and water content, is clearly inadequate. This parametrization is limited by insufficient observational data on cloud water size distributions. As shown in Fig. 5, when the in-cloud distribution is applied, ZDR values for the droplets of about $1\,\text{mm}$ decrease from $\approx\,2\text{dB}$ (off-cloud) to less than $1\,\text{dB}$ (in-cloud). Since convective events usually involve thick cumulonimbus clouds, the in-cloud distribution predominates, leading to low ZDR values above the melting layer. Improving the in-cloud drop-size distribution parametrization is essential for addressing these issues. |
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| We are currently working on improving ZDR values above the melting layer by enhancing the drop-size distribution inside clouds and identifying other factors that may influence ZDR values in this region. | We are currently working on improving ZDR values above the melting layer by enhancing the drop-size distribution inside clouds and identifying other factors that may influence ZDR values in this region. |